HAZARDOUS WASTE SURVIVAL GUIDE
Who, Why, & What of Waste Minimization

Waste Minimization & Treatment Methods

Source Reduction
GOOD HOUSEKEEPING PRACTICES
  • Purchasing & Inventory Control
  • Waste/Material Segregation

  • Storage & Handling
  • Preventive Maintenance
  • Scheduling Improvement
- e.g. first-in/first-out inventory management
- e.g. separate wastestreams to enhance recovery potential
- e.g. use funnels or spigots to transfer liquids
- e.g. use double-sealed valves and pumps
- e.g. progress from light to dark colors to reduce cleanings
MATERIAL & PRODUCT CHANGES
  • Change Input Materials

  • Change Product Composition

  • Change Products Produced
- e.g. print with water- or soy-based ink instead of solvent-based ink
- e.g. manufacture water-based "white-out" instead of solvent-based
- e.g. manufacture concrete poles instead of chemically treated wood poles
TECHNOLOGY MODIFICATION
  • Improved Controls

  • Process Modification

  • Equipment Changes
- e.g. use automatic plating bath temperature and turbulence controls
- e.g. strip paint with "bead" blasting instead of solvent stripping
- e.g. add mechanical wipers to wipe out mixing vats or pipes

Recycling

USE/REUSE
  • Return Material to Original Process
  • Use as Raw Material in other Process
- e.g. return dragout to process bath in plating operations
- e.g. reuse acid bath rinses as influent to alkaline bath rinses
RECLAMATION
  • Process to Regenerate Material
  • Recover Raw Materials
- e.g. distill waste solvent for reuse
- e.g. recover silver from used photographic solutions

Treatment

TREATMENT TYPE

PHYSICAL
  • Filtration
  • Reverse Osmosis
  • Ion Exchange
  • Electrolytic Processes
CHEMICAL
  • Precipitation/
    Flocculation
  • Neutralization
  • Solidification/
    Stabilization
THERMAL
  • Evaporation/
    Distillation
  • Incineration
  • Fuel Blending
  • Gasification
BIOLOGICAL
  • Biodegradation

| Introduction |
| Why Should I Practice Waste Minimization? |
| What Exactly is Waste Minimization? |
| Hazardous Waste Management Hierarchy - Figure |
| Waste Minimization & Treatment Methods - Table |
| SideNotes |

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